Very Important Keyboard Shortcuts:-

Test Case Template:-

Defect Report Using Excel and Quality Center (QC/ALM):-

UFT: Descriptive programming

Descriptive programming is used when we want to perform an operation on an object without stored in the object repository. This way QTP won't search for the object properties in the Object Repository, but will take it from the statement.

In a simple language, you have to write everything on the script and get the value and properties by using Object Spy.

Descriptive Programming can be done two ways:

Ø  Static and

Ø  Dynamic

Static: It is like a regular recoded script.

Dynamic: In a dynamic way instead of defining object in every line we can define it in a one place and use it everywhere. Using Description.Create we can define our own object.

Example: For Insert UserName WebEdit: 


Set objWE_UserName=Description.Create


objWE_UserName("html tag").value="INPUT"

objWE_UserName("name").value="user"

objWE_UserName("type").value="text"


 

UFT: Checkpoint

What is a checkpoint?

Checkpoint is a verification point to make sure that the expected value matching with the actual value. For insert the check point you have to stay on recording mode [Database & XML checkpoint run from any mode]. After added checkpoint object and property will be store in object repository, from there we can select what property we need to check.

Ø  Standard Checkpoint: Checks the property values of an object in the application. e.g. Buttons, Radio buttons, Combo boxes, Lists and etc.

Ø  Image checkpoint:  The image check point compares the properties of an image file (source, Height, width, target etc.)

Ø  Bitmap Checkpoint: Checks the particular area of your application or webpage after capturing it as a bitmap (pixel to pixel). Example: Website with a map. Using bitmap you can check that the map zoom correctly or not

Ø  Page Checkpoint: Checks the characteristics of a Webpage. Using page checkpoint we can see how many link, image in the page.

Ø  Table checkpoint: when we apply standard checkpoint on a web table to validate if a particular object exist in given row and column or not.

Ø  Text Check point: The text check point validates the given text exist or not.

Ø   Text Area Checkpoint: Text area check point validates text in a particular position.

Ø  Database Checkpoint: Database checkpoint that check a particular data exist in the database on the given row and column.

Example: Excel sheet (Test data), after the test run is completed. I want to make sure that test execution result is written to the excel sheet.

Ø  XML Checkpoint: It checks the data content of XML documents in XML files or XML documents in Web pages and frames.

Example: let say you have a user define external environment variable .XML file, from there you are loading your environment variable in the script. So before loading in the script, you want to make sure that value exist or not in that file. In that case we use XML checkpoint. Using xml checkpoint we select the file, chose the variable name and run time it will report to the test result.

Ø  Accessibility Check Point: It is a check point to check if a webpage is created as per standards.

Example: Image on the webpage always should have the “alt” property defined. Screen reader (Jaws) software’s are used by the Blind people. It will read out the “alt” property text to provide where they are looking at. To validate 508 Compliance 

[Note: Page, image, link all checkpoints belongs to standard checkpoint.]

Setting Window in UFT:-

If you want to change your Text Editor, Results Window and General setting please navigate to:

      TOOLS ==> OPTIONS (You will see this setting window)

UFT Add-Ins:

UFT: Automation Testing Process:

Syntax For Joining In SQL

-: Defect Page In ALM/QC :-

DEFECT/BUG/ISSUE

Basic element for defect report:

The basic elements QA tester need to mention in a defect reports are SI_NO, Defect ID, Defect Description, Steps to reproduce, Status, Priority, Severity, Test Data, Author, Comments, Browser version and Environment. 

What is automation?

                                                 What is automation?

Automation is a process that executes manual test cases into automation script and Execute that same Functionality without user interact.

Example: Let say we have test case for login to an application. For perform this test manually we need open browser, we need to navigate to the application URL, then insert valid credentials to the WEBEDIT and finally we need to click on login button.

Instead of doing manually we can easily automate this test case and run it for multiple number of users without any human interact. 

-:  Joining In SQL :-

-: Waterfall VS Agile Methodology :-

What is a join? Explain with example?

What is a join?

Join used to connect multiple table based on primary key & foreign key. Or join is used to combine rows from multiple tables.

What are Different Types of Join?

There are 4 different types of join.

1)      Inner join

2)      Cross join

3)      Outer join

Outer join are 3 types:

Ø  Left outer join

Ø  Right outer join

Ø  Full join

4)      Self-join

What is Inner join (Also called equi-join)?

The INNER JOIN keyword returns rows when there is at least one match in both tables. Inner join also known as Equi-join.

Example:

Select e.first_name, e.last_name, e.salary, e.department_id, d.department_name

From employees e, departments d

where e.department_id=d.department_id;

           

What is outer join?

The outer join retrieve the missing rows. The missing rows can be returned if outer join operator (+) is used in the join condition. The outer join operator (+) can be used in that side where information is missing.

The outer join are 3 types:

1)      Left outer join

2)      Right outer join

3)      Full outer join

Left Outer Join: Return all rows from the left table, even there are no matches in the right table. If information missing in the left table the outer join operator (+) is used only the left side of the equal sign ((+) =).

Example:

select e.first_name, e.last_name, e.salary, e.employee_id,  d.department_name

from employees e, departments d

where

e.department_id (+)=d.department_id;

Right Outer Join: Return all rows from the right table, even there are no matches in the left table. If information missing in the right table the outer join operator (+) is used only the right side of the equal sign (= (+)).

Example:

select e.first_name, e.last_name, e.salary, e.employee_id,  d.department_name

from employees e, departments d

where

e.department_id =d.department_id (+);

Full Outer Join: The FULL OUTER JOIN keyword returns all rows from the left table and from the right table. The FULL OUTER JOIN keyword combines the result of both LEFT and RIGHT joins.

Example:

select e.first_name, e.last_name, e.salary, e.employee_id, d.department_name

from employees e full join departments d

on e.department_id=d.department_id;

What is Cartesian or Cross join?

If there is no condition (where clause) between two tables than Cross join execute a result which is the number of rows in the first table multiplied by the number of rows in the second table and show all the result that’s called as cross join. It is also known as Cartesian product.

Example:

SELECT e.first_name, e.last_name, e.salary, e.department_id, d.department_name

FROM employees e, departments d;

OUTPUT will be 2889 rows which comes from 107*27

What is self-join (Also called nested join)?

A self-join is basically when a join is done on the same table. Whenever we make a sub query (also call nested) that means we are doing self-join.

Example:

select e.employee_id, e.first_name, e.last_name, e.salary, e.manager_id, m.first_name, m.last_name

from employees e, employees m

where e.manager_id=m.employee_id;

What is Union and UNION ALL?

UNION is used to select unique data from two tables whereas UNION ALL is used to select all data including duplicates from the tables.

What is the difference among UNION, MINUS and INTERSECT?

UNION combines the results from 2 tables and eliminates duplicate records from the result set.

MINUS operator when used between 2 tables, gives us all the rows from the first table except the rows which are present in the second table.

INTERSECT operator returns us only the matching or common rows between 2 result sets.

Why we use SQL?

We use SQL for Manipulate and Execute data.

What is a clause?

It is a command for SQL.

.
What is Drop?

Delete the whole table with table structure.

What is Deleting?

Delete the data records from a table, depending on where ‘clause’.

What is Truncate?

Delete all rows of table but the table structure remains in the database.

What is the different between Union and Join?

Union is to select related information from two tables and Join combines two or more tables to retrieve data from multiple tables.

Data Base Schema:-

Data Base Schema:- 

What is constraint?

What is constraint:

Constraints are used to limit the type of data that can go into a table. There are five types of constraints:

v  Primary key

v  Unique Key

v  Foreign Key

v  Not Null

v  Check

Primary key: In a database table, the Primary Key is a column which has a unique value for each of the row within that column. It can’t have NULL value. Primary key in one table can be Foreign key in other table.

Foreign key: Foreign key is the key that make a link with other table. It can’t have NULL value. Foreign key in one table can be primary key in other table.

Unique key: In a database table, the Unique Key is a column which may or may not have null value of each of the row within that column.

Not Null: This means the column should always put the value. It can’t be Null.

Cheek: Limit the value range that can be placed in a column.

What Can SQL do?

What Can SQL do:-

• SQL can create new tables in a database
• SQL can insert records in a database
• SQL can update records in a database
• SQL can delete records from a database
• SQL can create stored procedures in a database
• SQL can retrieve data from a database
• SQL can create views in a database
• SQL can set permissions on tables, procedures, and views

Some of the Most Important SQL Commands:

 Some of the Most Important SQL Commands:

• SELECT - extracts data from a database
• UPDATE - updates data in a database
• DELETE - deletes data from a database
• INSERT INTO - inserts new data into a database
• CREATE DATABASE - creates a new database
• ALTER DATABASE - modifies a database
• CREATE TABLE - creates a new table
• ALTER TABLE - modifies a table
• DROP TABLE - deletes a table
• CREATE INDEX - creates an index (search key)
• DROP INDEX - deletes an index